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法庭口译导论 Introduction to Court Interpreting
外教社翻译硕士专业MTI系列教材
口译实践指南丛书

作者: (法国)(Holly Mikkelson)米克尔森  

内容简介

随着法庭口译员数量的增加和全世界司法机构对司法进程中语言权利重视程度的提高，法庭口译日渐专业化。《法庭口译导论》是第一本不针对特定国家的司法系统，因而适用于任何国家、任何语际翻译的译员培训教材，论及该行业的历史、译员出庭的法律依据，刑事与民事法律程序、法律比较、口译员在司法进程中的角色、行业道德准则、口译技术、继续教育和研究的资源等。《法庭口译导论》包含大量实践练习、进一步阅读的建议以及设备的参考书目，对学生和老师均适用。

近年来法庭口译行业和许多国家的司法体系发生了很多变化。《法庭口译导论》反映了这一发展状况，也提出需要用信息畅通的全球化方式来培养一支日益多样的学生队伍，以投入这一充满挑战的领域。

霍利·米克尔森（Holly Mikkelson）是蒙特瑞国际研究学院笔译暨口译研究所的副教授，执教口译多年。她也是一位资深的西班牙语法庭口译员，参与撰写了法庭口译领域公认的经典著作《法庭口译基础》。她编写的培训手册《口译员的优势》系列被全世界法庭口译培训教程采用，广受欢迎。

1. Introduction
Scope and Objective
Role of the Court Interpreter
History of Court Interpreting
Suggestions for Further Reading

2. The Law
The Right to an Interpreter
Europe
The Americas
Asia
Australia
Africa
Defining Competence
U.S. Federal Court Interpreters Exam
Other Exams
The Role of the Professional Association
Suggestions for Further Study

3. Legal Traditions of the World
Attitudes Towards the Law and Lawyers
Civil Law
Common Law
Other Legal Traditions
Africa
Hinduism
Islam
Judaism
Socialist Law
Confucianism
International Law and Supranational Courts
Conclusion
Suggestions for Further Reading
Suggestions for Further Study

4.Criminal and Civil Procedure
Criminal Procedure
Investigative Phase
Pre-Trial Phase
The Trial
Under Civil Law
Under Common Law
The Sentence
Appeals
Alternative Programmes
Civil Procedure
The Interpreter's Role
Suggestions for Further Reading
Suggestions for Further Study

5. The Code of Ethics
Canons of the Code of Ethics
1. Fidelity
2. Confidentiality
3. Impartiality
4. Professional Conduct
Practical Guidelines
Conclusion
Role-Playing Scenarios
Suggestions for Further Reading
Suggestions for Further Study

6.Interpreting Techniques
Definition of Interpreting
Consecutive Interpreting
Simultaneous Interpreting
Sight Translation
Ancillary Tasks
Remote Interpreting
Practical Exercises
Active Listening and Retention
Communication Skills
Split Attention
Restructuring
Anticipation
Interpreting
Suggestions for Further Reading
Suggested Class Activities

7.Specialized Topics, Resources and References
Criminal Cases
Civil Cases
Resources for Research and Preparation
The Interpreter's Basic Library
Human Resources
Electronic Resources
Continuing Education
Suggested Activities

Appendix A: Instructions to Parties in Interpreted Proceedings
Appendix B: Best Practice in Court Interpreting and
Code of Conduct for Court Interpreters
Bibliography

Sight Translation

Sight translation is the oral translation of a written document. It is necessary when standard legal forms must be signed by litigants who do not speak the language of the court, or when documents written in a foreign language are submitted as evidence. Because the interpreter has little time to study the document and prepare to render it orally in the target language, sight translation is not appropriate for lengthy, technical reports or briefs. Particularly in countries where much of the evidence submitted to court is in written form, documents should be translated by professionals who are given adequate time for research and production of a polished translation. In the case of a standard form that an interpreter can become familiar with in advance, or a short document like a birth certificate that is used to prove a defendant's age, sight translation is an appropriate expedient.

Gonzalez lez et al (1991:401) describe the process in this way: Sight translation is analogous to sight reading in music: the interpreter is given a [source language] document never seen before, and, with mini-mal preparation, the interpreter provides a complete oral translation of the document into the [target language]. Like accomplished musicians who play an apparently effortless version of a piece they have never laid eyes on, interpreters are actually drawing upon years of training and ex-perience to perform this feat. The end product should be both faithful to the original text and pleasing to the ear (that is, in free-flowing, natural-sounding language).